Image Types

Binary images are the simplest type of images and can take on two
values, typically black and white, or ‘0’ and ‘1’. A binary image is referred to as a 1 bit/pixel image because it takes only 1 binary digit to
represent each pixel. These types of images are frequently used in computer vision application where the only information required for the task is general shapes, or outlines information. For example, to position a robotics gripper ( ذراع الروبوت )to grasp an object or in optical character recognition (OCR).
Binary images are often created from gray-scale images via a threshold
value is turned white (‘1’), and those below it are turned black (‘0’). We define the characteristic function of an object in an image to be
(2-Gray Scale Images
They contain brightness information only, no color information.
The number of different brightness level available. The typical image
contains 8 bit/pixel , which allows us to have (0-255) different brightness
(gray) levels. The 8 bit representation is typically due to the fact that the
byte, which corresponds to 8-bit of data, is the standard small unit in the
world of digital computer.