Enzyme technology - part 1

لطفا يتم سحب كلا جزيئي المحاضرة 5 ( 1و2 ) ---- ملاحظة ---


Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering Lecture (5) Assi. Prof. Rajaa Al –Anbaqi

Enzyme technology (production, purification and immobilization of enzymes)


WHAT ARE ENZYMES ?

Enzymes are natural proteins with a highly complex three-dimensional molecular structure that act as highly efficient catalysts in biochemical reactions:-
1-They help a chemical reaction take place quickly and efficiently .. Although like all other proteins, enzymes are composed of amino acids, they differ in function in that 2-they have the unique ability to facilitate biochemical reactions without undergoing change themselves( biodegradable). 3-They only act under very specific reaction conditions (temperature, pH, and water content) and only with their specific substrates, under the usual conditions prevailing in the organism, proceed only very slowly or not at all. 4- They are not spent during the reaction, but catalyzes and return to their original state once the reaction is complete. 5-For this reason the amount of enzyme required is very small compared to substrate. 6- That each enzyme only breaks down highly specific substrates. This is what is known as the so-called “lock and key” principle. The following diagram (figure 1) shows the mode of