lecture11

Lecture 13: Biotechnology
Objectives
Define biotechnology
Identify biotechnologies in common use
Differentiate between types of biotechnology
Key Terms:Recombinant DNA, fermentation, selection marker, bioremediation, Genetically Modified Organism, Sandwich assay, monoclonal antibody, gene therapy, transgenic, vector, bovine somatotropin, Bt, recombinant protein
Useful Website http://www.mhhe.com/biosci/genbio/raven6b/grap hics/raven06b/other/raven06b_19.pdf Biotechnology
Definition: Technology that is derived from living things and their natural processes.
General Categories
• Medical Biotechnology-Vaccines, diagnostics, pharmaceuticals
• Industrial Biotechnology - Enzymes and microorganisms for processing products
• Environmental Biotechnology -
Microorganisms for bioremediation
• Agricultural Biotechnology - Enhanced crops, feed and fertilizers
Medical Biotechnology
• Diagnostics
– Every time you leave a sample…
• Pharmaceuticals
– What are you putting in your mouth?
– Antibiotics, vaccines, chiral molecules and lots more
• Gene Therapy
• Vaccines
• Xenograft and transplants etc.. Medical Biotechnology
• Antibody production
– Immunoglobins = globs that make you immune
– Glcosylated proteins
– Stick to one “epitope” specifically
– High affinity interaction (real sticky)
• Recombinant protein
– Combine bacterial and somebody’s DNA
– Bacteria express protein (express = squeeze out)
– Protein from bacterial slaves is used for something