5-3-2 Types of Communication in the Network Layer
In an IPv4 network, the hosts can communicate one of three different ways:
Unicast - the process of sending a packet from one host to an individual host
(host to host communication)
Broadcast - the process of sending a packet from one host to all hosts in the
network
Multicast - the process of sending a packet from one host to a selected
group of hosts
These three types of communication are used for different purposes in the data networks. In all three cases, the IPv4 address of the originating host is placed in the packet header as the source address.
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Com. types
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categories
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IP address
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using
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Unicast
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-------
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Any IP else other below
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1-Peer-to-peer
2-client /servers
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Broadcast
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Limited broadcast
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255.255.255.255
for local broadcast
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1-Mapping upper layer addresses to lower layer addresses
2-Requesting an address
3- Exchanging routing information by routing protocols
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Directed broadcast
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Net address.255
Ex: 192.168.30.255
For global (out side the net)
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Multicast
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Local multicast
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224.0.0.0—224.0.0.255
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1-Video and audio broadcasts
2- Routing information exchange by routing protocols
3- Distribution of software
4- News feeds
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Global multicast
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224.0.1.0 —239.255.255.255
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